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#!/usr/bin/env python3
# Assemble ATK16 assembly to bytecode
import sys
if len(sys.argv) != 3:
print("usage: assembler.py <infile> <outfile> # read from file")
print(" assembler.py - <outfile> # read from stdin")
sys.exit(1)
infile_path = sys.argv[1]
outfile_path = sys.argv[2]
src = ""
if (infile_path == "-"):
for line in sys.stdin:
src += line
else:
with open(infile_path, "r") as f:
src = f.read()
src_lines = src.splitlines()
### Utils
def parse(line: str) -> list[str]:
depth = 0
result = []
acc = ""
for c in line:
if c.isspace() and depth == 0:
result.append(acc)
acc = ""
elif c == "(":
depth += 1
acc += "("
elif c == ")":
depth -= 1
acc += ")"
else:
acc += c
result.append(acc)
return list(filter(lambda x: len(x) > 0, result))
def eval_expr(expr: str) -> int:
expr = eval_symbol(expr)
return eval(expr, labels) # eval as Python expr
def eval_symbol(c: str):
if c in labels:
return str(labels[c])
match c:
# Registers
case "rz": return "0"
case "ra": return "1"
case "rb": return "2"
case "rc": return "3"
case "rd": return "4"
case "pa": return "5"
case "pb": return "6"
# ALU instructions
case "al_clear": return "0"
case "al_b_minus_a": return "1"
case "al_a_minus_b": return "2"
case "al_a_plus_b": return "3"
case "al_a_xor_b": return "4"
case "al_a_or_b": return "5"
case "al_a_and_b": return "6"
case "al_preset": return "7"
case "al_logical_shift_right": return "8"
case "al_arithmetic_shift_right": return "9"
case "al_logical_shift_left": return "10"
# ALU flags
case "f_carry": return "0"
case "f_overflow": return "1"
case "f_zero": return "2"
case "f_sign": return "3"
case _: return c
# 1st pass, gather labels
labels: dict[str, int] = {}
address = 0
for (lineNo, line) in enumerate(src_lines):
line = line.strip()
if line == "": continue
keyword, *args = line.lower().split()
match keyword:
case "@address":
address = eval(args[0])
continue
case "@label":
labels[args[0]] = address
continue
address += 1
print("labels:", labels)
# 2nd pass
address = 0
nop = bytearray([0b1000_0000, 0])
result = bytearray()
# initially one nop
result.extend(nop)
for (lineNo, line) in enumerate(src_lines):
line = line.split(";")[0].strip()
if line == "": continue
keyword, *args = parse(line.lower())
match keyword:
# Directives
case "@address":
address = eval_expr(args[0])
continue
case "@label":
continue
# Instructions
case "alu":
word = (0b0000 << 12) + \
(eval_expr(args[0]) << 9) + \
(eval_expr(args[1]) << 6) + \
(eval_expr(args[2]) << 3) + \
(eval_expr(args[3]) << 0)
case "als":
word = (0b0001 << 12) + \
(eval_expr(args[0]) << 9) + \
(eval_expr(args[1]) << 6) + \
(eval_expr(args[2]) << 3) + \
(eval_expr(args[3]) << 0)
case "ldr":
word = (0b0010 << 12) + \
(eval_expr(args[0]) << 9) + \
(eval_expr(args[1]) << 6)
case "str":
word = (0b0011 << 12) + \
(eval_expr(args[0]) << 9) + \
(eval_expr(args[1]) << 6)
case "ldi":
word = (0b0100 << 12) + \
(eval_expr(args[0]) << 9) + \
(eval_expr(args[1]) << 0)
case "jmp":
word = (0b0101 << 12) + \
(eval_expr(args[0]) << 9)
case "br":
word = (0b0110 << 12) + \
(eval_expr(args[0]) << 9) + \
(eval_expr(args[1]) << 6)
case "hlt":
word = 0b1111 << 12
# Pseudoinstructions
case "add":
word = (0b0000 << 12) + \
(eval_expr(args[0]) << 9) + \
(eval_expr(args[1]) << 6) + \
(eval_expr(args[2]) << 3) + \
(eval_expr("al_a_plus_b") << 0)
case "sub":
word = (0b0000 << 12) + \
(eval_expr(args[0]) << 9) + \
(eval_expr(args[1]) << 6) + \
(eval_expr(args[2]) << 3) + \
(eval_expr("al_a_minus_b") << 0)
case "mov":
word = (0b0000 << 12) + \
(eval_expr("rz") << 9) + \
(eval_expr(args[0]) << 6) + \
(eval_expr(args[1]) << 3) + \
(eval_expr("al_a_plus_b") << 0)
# Default case: evaluate as is (e.g. data word)
case _:
try:
word = eval_expr(keyword)
except:
raise Exception(f"Invalid assembly at {infile_path}:{lineNo + 1}\n\n{line}")
if len(result) < 2 * address + 1:
result.extend((2 * address + 1 - len(result)) * nop)
print(f"{address:>08x} 0x{word:>04x} {line}")
result[2 * address + 0] = ((word >> 8) & 0xff)
result[2 * address + 1] = ((word >> 0) & 0xff)
address += 1
with open(outfile_path, "wb") as f:
f.write(result)
print(f"Wrote {len(result)} bytes to {outfile_path}")
with open(f"{outfile_path}.logisim.txt", "w") as f:
f.write("v2.0 raw\n")
run_length = 0
run_last = ""
for i in range(len(result) // 2):
b0 = result[2 * i + 0]
b1 = result[2 * i + 1]
word = f"{b0:>02x}{b1:>02x}\n"
if word != run_last and run_length <= 1:
f.write(f"{run_last}")
run_length = 1
run_last = word
elif word != run_last and run_length > 1:
f.write(f"{run_length}*{run_last}")
run_length = 1
run_last = word
else:
run_length += 1
if run_length <= 1:
f.write(f"{run_last}")
else:
f.write(f"{run_length}*{run_last}")
print(f"Wrote Logisim image format to {outfile_path}.logisim.txt")
with open(f"{outfile_path}.ver.txt", "w") as f:
f.write("addr/data: 15 16")
run_length = 0
run_last = ""
written = -1
def update_layout():
if run_last == "": return
if written % 8 == 0:
f.write("\n")
else:
f.write(" ")
for i in range(len(result) // 2):
b0 = result[2 * i + 0]
b1 = result[2 * i + 1]
word = f"{b0:>02x}{b1:>02x}"
if word != run_last and run_length <= 1:
f.write(f"{run_last}")
run_length = 1
run_last = word
written += 1
update_layout()
elif word != run_last and run_length > 1:
f.write(f"{run_length}*{run_last}")
run_length = 1
run_last = word
written += 1
update_layout()
else:
run_length += 1
if run_length <= 1:
f.write(f"{run_last}")
else:
f.write(f"{run_length}*{run_last}")
print(f"Wrote verification test format to {outfile_path}.ver.txt")
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