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|
#!/usr/bin/env bash
set -euo pipefail
# vm.sh — Manage a QEMU FreeBSD aarch64 VM for testing Ansible playbooks.
#
# Usage:
# ./vm.sh dl Download the base image (one-time)
# ./vm.sh init Extract disk, create seed ISO and SSH key
# ./vm.sh up Start the VM (requires sudo for vmnet)
# ./vm.sh down Shut down the VM gracefully
# ./vm.sh kill Force-kill the VM
# ./vm.sh reset Delete disk & state, keeping the downloaded base image
# ./vm.sh ssh SSH into the VM
# ./vm.sh status Check if the VM is running
# ./vm.sh console Attach to serial console (ctrl-a x to exit)
#
# Prerequisites: brew install qemu socat cdrtools
#
# Networking (vmnet-shared, subnet 10.0.20.0/24):
# .1 Mac (vmnet gateway, provides NAT + DNS)
# .2 VM host LAN (lan0)
# .3 Ingress jail WAN interface
# .101-XXX Jails LAN (jail number + 100)
#
# All IPs are directly reachable from the Mac without extra routes.
# Run playbook: ansible-playbook -i inventory playbook.yml --limit test_vm
SCRIPT_DIR="$(cd "$(dirname "$0")" && pwd)"
VM_DIR="${SCRIPT_DIR}/vm"
DISK="${VM_DIR}/disk.qcow2"
PFLASH_VARS="${VM_DIR}/pflash_vars.fd"
PID_FILE="${VM_DIR}/qemu.pid"
MONITOR_SOCK="${VM_DIR}/qemu-monitor.sock"
SERIAL_SOCK="${VM_DIR}/qemu-serial.sock"
FREEBSD_VERSION="${FREEBSD_VERSION:-15.1}"
IMAGE_NAME="FreeBSD-${FREEBSD_VERSION}-RELEASE-arm64-aarch64-BASIC-CLOUDINIT-zfs.qcow2"
IMAGE_XZ="${VM_DIR}/${IMAGE_NAME}.xz"
IMAGE_URL="https://download.freebsd.org/releases/VM-IMAGES/${FREEBSD_VERSION}-RELEASE/aarch64/Latest/${IMAGE_NAME}.xz"
PFLASH_CODE="$(brew --prefix)/share/qemu/edk2-aarch64-code.fd"
SEED_ISO="${VM_DIR}/seed.iso"
SSH_KEY="${VM_DIR}/id_ed25519"
SSH_PORT_LAN=22
VM_RAM=4096
VM_CPUS=2
DISK_SIZE=40G
cmd_dl() {
mkdir -p "$VM_DIR"
if [[ -f "$IMAGE_XZ" ]]; then
echo "Base image already downloaded: $IMAGE_XZ"
return
fi
echo "Downloading FreeBSD ${FREEBSD_VERSION} aarch64 VM image..."
curl --fail -C - -L -o "$IMAGE_XZ" "$IMAGE_URL" || { rm -f "$IMAGE_XZ"; echo "Download failed: $IMAGE_URL"; exit 1; }
echo "Done."
}
prepare_disk() {
if [[ ! -f "$IMAGE_XZ" ]]; then
echo "Base image not found. Run: ./vm.sh dl"
exit 1
fi
echo "Extracting disk from base image..."
xz -dk "$IMAGE_XZ"
mv "${VM_DIR}/${IMAGE_NAME}" "$DISK"
qemu-img resize "$DISK" "$DISK_SIZE"
}
prepare_seed() {
[[ -f "$SEED_ISO" ]] && return
if [[ ! -f "$SSH_KEY" ]]; then
ssh-keygen -t ed25519 -f "$SSH_KEY" -N "" -q
fi
local pubkey
pubkey=$(cat "${SSH_KEY}.pub")
local seed_dir="${VM_DIR}/seed"
mkdir -p "$seed_dir"
cat > "$seed_dir/meta-data" <<EOF
instance-id: pursotin-vm
local-hostname: pursotin
EOF
cat > "$seed_dir/user-data" <<EOF
#cloud-config
ssh_pwauth: true
disable_root: false
users:
- name: root
ssh_authorized_keys:
- ${pubkey}
packages:
- python3
runcmd:
- pkg install -y python3
- cp /usr/share/zoneinfo/Europe/Helsinki /etc/localtime
- sysrc ifconfig_vtnet0="inet 10.0.20.2/24"
- sysrc defaultrouter="10.0.20.1"
- echo 'vfs.zfs.arc.max=1073741824' >> /boot/loader.conf
- ifconfig vtnet0 inet 10.0.20.2/24
- route add default 10.0.20.1
- sed -i '' 's/^#PermitRootLogin.*/PermitRootLogin yes/' /etc/ssh/sshd_config
- sed -i '' 's/^PermitRootLogin no/PermitRootLogin yes/' /etc/ssh/sshd_config
- service sshd restart
EOF
mkisofs -output "$SEED_ISO" -volid cidata -joliet -rock \
"$seed_dir/user-data" "$seed_dir/meta-data"
rm -rf "$seed_dir"
}
cmd_init() {
mkdir -p "$VM_DIR"
if [[ -f "$DISK" ]]; then
echo "Already initialized. Use './vm.sh reset' first to re-initialize."
exit 0
fi
[[ -f "$IMAGE_XZ" ]] || cmd_dl
prepare_disk
prepare_seed
if [[ ! -f "$PFLASH_VARS" ]]; then
dd if=/dev/zero of="$PFLASH_VARS" bs=1m count=64 2>/dev/null
fi
echo "Initialized. Run './vm.sh up' to start."
}
cmd_up() {
if [[ -f "$PID_FILE" ]] && kill -0 "$(cat "$PID_FILE")" 2>/dev/null; then
echo "VM already running (PID $(cat "$PID_FILE"))"
exit 0
fi
if [[ ! -f "$DISK" ]]; then
echo "Not initialized. Run: ./vm.sh init"
exit 1
fi
echo "Starting VM (requires sudo for vmnet)..."
sudo -v || { echo "sudo required for vmnet networking"; exit 1; }
sudo qemu-system-aarch64 \
-M virt,highmem=on \
-accel hvf \
-cpu host \
-m "$VM_RAM" \
-smp "$VM_CPUS" \
-drive if=pflash,format=raw,file="$PFLASH_CODE",readonly=on \
-drive if=pflash,format=raw,file="$PFLASH_VARS" \
-drive file="$DISK",format=qcow2,if=virtio \
-cdrom "$SEED_ISO" \
-netdev vmnet-shared,id=lan,start-address=10.0.20.1,end-address=10.0.20.254,subnet-mask=255.255.255.0 \
-device virtio-net-pci,netdev=lan \
-serial unix:"$SERIAL_SOCK",server,nowait \
-monitor unix:"$MONITOR_SOCK",server,nowait \
-pidfile "$PID_FILE" \
-daemonize \
-display none \
&& sudo chmod 644 "$PID_FILE" \
&& sudo chmod 777 "$SERIAL_SOCK" "$MONITOR_SOCK" \
&& echo "VM started (PID $(cat "$PID_FILE"))" \
&& echo "SSH: ./vm.sh ssh" \
&& echo "Console: ./vm.sh console"
}
cmd_down() {
if [[ ! -S "$MONITOR_SOCK" ]]; then
echo "VM not running (no monitor socket)"
exit 1
fi
echo "system_powerdown" | sudo socat - UNIX-CONNECT:"$MONITOR_SOCK"
echo "Sent powerdown signal."
local pid
pid=$(cat "$PID_FILE" 2>/dev/null || true)
if [[ -n "$pid" ]]; then
for _ in $(seq 1 30); do
sudo kill -0 "$pid" 2>/dev/null || break
sleep 1
done
if sudo kill -0 "$pid" 2>/dev/null; then
echo "VM still running after 30s. Use './vm.sh kill' to force."
else
rm -f "$PID_FILE"
echo "VM stopped."
fi
fi
}
cmd_kill() {
if [[ -f "$PID_FILE" ]]; then
local pid
pid=$(cat "$PID_FILE")
sudo kill -9 "$pid" 2>/dev/null && echo "Killed VM (PID $pid)" || echo "Process not found"
rm -f "$PID_FILE"
else
echo "No PID file found"
fi
}
cmd_reset() {
cmd_kill 2>/dev/null || true
rm -f "$DISK" "$PFLASH_VARS" "$SEED_ISO" "$SSH_KEY" "${SSH_KEY}.pub"
rm -f "$MONITOR_SOCK" "$SERIAL_SOCK" "$PID_FILE"
echo "VM state reset. Base image kept at $IMAGE_XZ"
}
cmd_ssh() {
exec env SSH_AUTH_SOCK= ssh -o StrictHostKeyChecking=no -o UserKnownHostsFile=/dev/null -o IdentitiesOnly=yes -o IdentityAgent=none \
-i "$SSH_KEY" root@10.0.20.2 "$@"
}
cmd_console() {
if [[ ! -S "$SERIAL_SOCK" ]]; then
echo "VM not running (no serial socket)"
exit 1
fi
echo "Connecting to serial console (ctrl-a x to exit)..."
exec socat -,rawer,escape=0x01 UNIX-CONNECT:"$SERIAL_SOCK"
}
cmd_status() {
if [[ -f "$PID_FILE" ]] && sudo kill -0 "$(cat "$PID_FILE")" 2>/dev/null; then
echo "VM running (PID $(cat "$PID_FILE"))"
else
echo "VM not running"
rm -f "$PID_FILE" 2>/dev/null
fi
}
case "${1:-}" in
dl) cmd_dl ;;
init) cmd_init ;;
up) cmd_up ;;
down) cmd_down ;;
kill) cmd_kill ;;
reset) cmd_reset ;;
ssh) shift; cmd_ssh "$@" ;;
console) cmd_console ;;
status) cmd_status ;;
*)
echo "Usage: $0 {dl|init|up|down|kill|reset|ssh|console|status}"
exit 1
;;
esac
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